What Are The Benefits Of Eco Briquettes Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

Impractical of Earth ‘s assets and natural employments are significant current occupations that happened by over ingestion and wasteful way of using. Atmosphere modification, asset consumption, loss of biodiversity, and air contamination majorly affects numerous residents and the Earth which require individuals change their present conduct. Atmosphere change and planetary warming are bit of major issues these yearss and are other than segment of the a large portion of import planetary natural difficulties, with reasonings for supplement creation, H2O flexibly, wellbeing, vitality, etc. We will compose a custom paper test on What Are The Benefits Of Eco Briquettes Environmental Sciences Essay or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now Tending to clime modification requires a decent logical anxiety each piece great as composed activity at national and planetary degree from. PTT 328 PTT is the biggest vitality organization in Thailand which the gathering ‘s boss movement is the activity of raw petroleum concern. The Group other than takes part in the geographic campaign and creation of unrefined petroleum, activity of gaseous petrol, global exchanging of unpleasant oil, condensate, raw petroleum and petrochemical stocks and putting resources into household refinement and petrochemical businesses. Its vision and mission are to be the superior Thai vitality organization, runing to the full coordinated oil and gas concern, and whole vitality administrations. PTT has an unmistakable end over Quality, Safety, Health and Environment ( QSHE ) . Viewed as the core constituent of economical turn of events, QSHE has been investigated and evaluated with the requests of the partners in head. In convey oning vitality concerns, it is unavoidable for administrators to stand up to perils refering Quality, Safety, Health, and Environment ( QSHE ) . Refering this, PTT has c onstantly paid full taking care of the control, bar, and minimisation of these dangers looked by partners ; customers, suppliers, contractual workers, investors, networks, staff, and the earth in general. The organization has applied productiveness devices and QSHE course frameworks in the entirety of its units to better its effectiveness and the personal satisfaction of staff and networks, and to consistently propel picture in the organization ‘s cultural and natural obligations. These means have effectively ingrained more prominent confirmation in financial specialists and supported PTT ‘s global concern venture. Nonetheless, manageable building of concern other than covers the product which its assets and creation strategy is earth capable and asset effective all through a structure ‘s life-cycle. These components need to worry of financial framework, open assistance partnership, lastingness, and solace. Biomass briquette is a perfect biomass fuel which can elev ate the PTT ‘s ecological open introduction increasingly useful and visual in light of the fact that this the product including normal stuff, creation methodology and new engineerings are created to make greener exercises to chop down the general effect of the constructed condition on human wellbeing and the regular habitat by: Productively using vitality, H2O, and different assets Securing inhabitant wellbeing and bettering representative productiveness Reusing waste, cut bringing down contamination and natural degradation. Biomass briquettes Biomass briquettes are a minimal effort exchange fuel to coal and other strong flammable energizes which are created by change overing low larger part thickness biomass into high thickness strong powers ( Werther et al. 2000 ) . Biomass briquetting workss are comprised of grouped kinds of machines to back up various common stuffs ( KriA?an et al. 2009 ) . Biomass briquettes are non-traditional start of vitality, inexhaustible in nature, eco well disposed, non-contaminating and practical ( Wilaipon 2007 ) . In add-on, it has been guaranteed thataë†â ¦aë†â ¦aë†â ¦aë†â ¦aë†â ¦.the method of progress overing biomass to strong fuel is other than non-dirtying ; thusly the methodology and product are 100 % characteristic. Briquette is a perfect Bio-fuel due to the undermentioned grounds: Eco neighborly A ; sustainable power source fuel. Monetary and less expensive than other strong energizes. Warm calorific incentive around 4000 Kcal/Kg. Contamination free amp ; non-risky. Lower debris content 4 % †8 % . There is no fly debris when consumed. Steady high ignition proficiency. Simple for travel, eating, and consuming. Burning is progressively unvarying. Biomass briquettes are an other environmentally friendly power vitality to roast, and are typically used to fire modern boilers that produce steam including concern which requires consume. Creation methodology 400 Each twelvemonth Thailand has 1000000s of dozenss of horticultural squanders are produced. These rural squanders are dealt with a loss with no monetary worth and either none utilized or consumed wastefully in their free signifier doing air contamination. Nonetheless, this ‘waste ‘ can be transformed into a completely situation well disposed start of vitality through briquetting ( Biomass briquettes Replacing coal and LPG.article ) . Groundnut shell Bamboo dust Paddy straw Sunflower debris Tea squander Tobacco squander Bagasse ( Sugarcane squander ) Saw dust Espresso debris Wheat straw Mustard Jute squander Ranger service squanders Cotton refuse Palm refuse Wood french friess Rice refuse Reeds Soies husk Other agro squanders Table1. Sorts of characteristic stuff ( dependent on Werther et Al. 2000 ) Biomass briquettes are made by the methodology of reusing horticultural squanders and ranger service squanders. The apparatus utilized is perfect with numerous horticultural squanders. The agro squander is first pummeled, sieved thus dried to require wet substance. This is so taken care of into the container of fuel briquette machine, which utilizes high compaction among shakers and clout following into tube shaped briquettes. Barrel shaped briquettes are in this manner framed because of carbonisation, accomplished by warming of surface. Figure1. The Biomass briquette ‘s creation method ( dependent on Callejon Ferre and Lopez Martinez 2009 ) Method of Briquetting: In the first place, mistreating machine plans fit size regular stuff for biomass briquetting works by tear uping the characteristic stuff after it is taken care of into the machine. After that a tiled metal screen will vibrate slashed stays until it isolates from earth. At that point, the remaining parts works stuffs were passed into a shielded battle vehicle of continuous washing comprises of a rotate membranophone made of screen. In the wake of washing the works stuff, H2O is polluted and low quality, it is brought to sublimate by water-cleaning framework which is contained in the most reduced of the heavily clad battle vehicle. This framework permits reused H2O for briquetting system. Second, drying machine get ready fit wet normal stuff for biomass briquette criticalness. For briquetting criticalness, it is simply to order the wet of common stuff at a reasonable extension that can do great outcome of biomass briquettes. Or then again the briquettes will be loosened up as a result of exorbitantly or too much dry. Third, briquetting noteworthiness machine makes the biomass stuff into briquettes. After the well preparing of characteristic metarial, briquetting is simple at right activity of biomass briquette hugeness. At the point when machine ascend to more than 300 centigrade, the stuff can be taking care of persistently into briquetting significance. Initially, the shade of briquettes might be a little dim even dark, yet after a piece, the shading will be light to ordinary degree coming out of biomass briquette machine. At long last, wadding is the last system of briquetting technique which the wadding machine will fill closing biomass briquettes thus wrap with a thermic specialist wrap by thermic therapist covering machine Completed Product Briquettes Briquettes are prepared substitution of earthy colored coal, coal and wood in modern heater and block oven for thermic application including families ‘ everyday life. Biomass briquettes are non-traditional start of vitality, eco-accommodating, sustainable in nature, non fouling and prudent. It ‘s made through fastener less method without utilization of a compound so it is 100 % characteristic. Contrasted with kindling or free biomass, briquettes give a lot higher heater effectiveness due to low wet and higher thickness. Advertising 200 Explain how it could be promoted ( scholastic assets ) Blending to ( Suksumek 2007 ) contamination work by using earthy colored coal at Mae Moh Power works in Thailand in 1992 and doing awful result to residents, power works representatives and collect of nearby networks, it makes negative picture of using lignite and coal which Thai specialists illuminates the activity by import coal from oversea. Accordingly, it is a decent opportunity to showcase biomass briquette stock in Thailand. The manufacture, situated in Thailand, gives a topographical bit of leeway to Tesco in light of the fact that it is populatedaë†â ¦aë†â ¦aë†â ¦aë†â ¦aë†â ¦aë†â ¦aë†â ¦aë†â ¦ †¦ Furthermore, request ingestion of coal is high while low rivalry in clean fuel stock as biomass briquette. Unit of estimation: Ktoe Table1. Estimate on Primary Energy Demand ( dependent on Suksumek 2007 ) The different utilization of the terminal product empowers us to work the odds in both business and modern markets. Our works will give to the SA and UK mechanical and local business market, for example, steel creation workss or electrical plants.There are plentifulness of potential markets for fuel briquettes in the metropoliss and in the country nations. The potential customers for the briquettes: Heater lining Industries Gasifies System App Overlay Industries Spining Mill Calfskin Industries Fired Industries Material units Vegetable Plants Dissolvable Extraction Plant Elastic Industries Food Processing Businesses Passing on Unit of estimations Milk Plant Any Industrial Warm App Block Making Unit of estimations Compound Industries

HSM Personal Leadership Plan Essay

Trinity Services, Inc. is the place I am right now utilized, as an autonomous living advocate (ILC), in a grown-up learning program. Trinity Services, Inc. is a set up, network based, not for benefit, non-partisan human administrations association that gives a variety of value administrations and supports for individuals who have formative handicaps. The statement of purpose of Trinity Services, Inc. s, â€Å"Trinity endeavors to be an innovator in giving the greatest, socially mindful and practical administrations and supports to people with incapacities, so they may accomplish their maximum capacity and have the chance to live full and copious lives. † As an ILC in a grown-up learning program, I take a shot at instructing and preparing of fundamental abilities. I additionally furnish individualized help and training with individual consideration, exercises of day by day living, transportation, and different zones of need. At Trinity Services, Inc. the liked and least capabilities to pick up work as an ILC are a secondary school certificate or GED. I genuinely make the most of my activity and see it as very fulfilling however I would truly love to be able to enable the customers to considerably more by getting an administration position at Trinity Services, Inc. for example, a program facilitator or caseworker; two occupation places that require a Bachelor’s certificate that identifies with the human administrations the board field. It is my present place of employment and the individuals I serve that have motivated me to return to class and get my degree. Getting an authority position in a human administrations association implies that I will be able to be a superior promoter for the customers I help yet alongside that comes greater obligation which is the reason morals, ethics, and, qualities are so significant in the field of human administrations. As a pioneer in a human administrations association the ethical obligations I would have incorporate â€Å"upholding the law, satisfying the real obligations of my position, watching pertinent codes of morals and in any case keeping commonly held good standards, for example, trustworthiness and not purposely doing harm† (Teehankee, 2007, para. 3). Pioneers of human administrations associations work in an assortment of ways and perform a wide range of jobs. For instance, these pioneers have duties to the customers, network and society, partners, and furthermore to their calling and businesses (â€Å"National Organization for Human Services†, n. ). The National Organization for Human Services (n. d) site has two segments relating to moral principles for human assistance experts. The primary area covers norms for human help experts while the subsequent segment covers guidelines for human assistance instructors. These moral rules were planned so human help pioneers and inst ructors could utilize it to help them in settling on moral choices when confronted with troublesome moral quandaries. Rehearsing moral administration is significant on the grounds that it sets a genuine model for the association and the network, fabricates trust, carries validity and regard to the pioneer just as the association, prompts coordinated effort, and makes a decent atmosphere inside the association (Rabinowitz, 2013). My ethical vision as a pioneer in a human administrations association is to complete Trinity Services, Inc. statement of purpose, and use the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) (2013) code of morals and the National Organization of Human Services (NOHS) (n. ) moral gauges for human assistance experts as well as could be expected so as to direct me as a moral human help pioneer. Despite the fact that I don’t trust it will consistently be conceivable to explicitly utilize these as rules since each circumstance is unique and stances various difficulties, anyway I do accept that as long as I have a decent comprehension of morals and what moral administration im plies then I will have the option to settle on the most moral choices regardless of what snags I experience. For me, it would be a fantasy worked out as expected to see every single individual who has formative inabilities live in a protected situation where they are regarded, rewarded reasonably and are liberated from misuse and disregard. They are individuals who have rights and ought to have the option to settle on decisions, have companions, and take an interest in the network without encountering segregation of any sort. I want to cause my fantasy to turn into a reality for individuals who have formative handicaps and I accept as a pioneer in a human administrations association I will have the instruments to get that going. There are a wide range of ways that authority can influence the general execution of a human administrations association and I trust it is critical to be a moral chief to improve execution. Putting the prosperity of customers over every single other issue is a critical good duty of a moral head.

Philosophy of Education Essay

Reasoning of training is once in a while alluded to as the quick destinations of instruction. Prompt goals then again are purposes which a subject at a given time must mean to accomplish through the courses of study or the educational plan. Its points comprise a significant part of the absolute instruction. They are progressively explicit and they can be cultivated in a shorter timeframe, perhaps a day or seven days. These, as well, are viewed as objectives of specialization. Instructive points can't be resolved separated from the motivation behind society which keeps up the school. The reason for any general public is controlled by the existence esteem which the individuals prize. As a country, we have been endeavoring consistently for the qualities which establish the just lifestyle (Demiashkevich, 2003). Hypothesis and practice in current training have been impacted incredibly by the instructive way of thinking in progressive translations of the basic reason for training. Since the points and goals of instruction typify the law based perfect to which we as a country are submitted, they can't be accomplished through an unbending arrangement of influence and control. The utilization of the standards of instructing and adapting consistently has unequivocal objectives. On the off chance that the instructor needs to get wanted outcomes, he should comprehend what those objectives or goals are. The handiness of the standards themselves can best be dictated by their suitability to the points and targets looked for. Our essential need, in this manner, is to introduce and build up the philosophical and mental points of training (Peterson, 2000). The philosophical points of training require all open and tuition based schools in this nation to seek after, in the advancement of each kid, paying little mind to shading, ideology, or societal position. Every single instructive foundation will intend to instill love of nation, show the obligations of citizenship, and create moral character, individual control, and logical, mechanical, and professional effectiveness. The investigation of the Constitution will be a piece of the educational plans in all schools (Peterson, 2000). The State will give citizenship and professional preparing to grown-up residents and out-of-school youth, and make and keep up grant for poor and meriting understudies. Additionally, religion will be instructed to their kids or wards, in open rudimentary and secondary schools as might be given by law. The State will give logical research and development. The headway of science and innovation will have need in the national turn of events. Moreover, instruction will mean to create moral character, individual order and metro inner voice, and build up the perspectives among our childhood and quality good and moral principles. It should likewise confer the abilities, impart the mentalities and spread the qualities that are fundamental to fast and continued monetary development. The educational program of open and non-public schools will underscore logical and specialized callings, administrative and professional abilities, and the pride of work and norms of greatness (Demiashkevich, 2003). It very well may be said that the above goals required the rebuilding of our instructive framework, open or private, to improve patriotism or love of nation and to accomplish social objectives.

Probability Assignment Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Likelihood Assignment - Speech or Presentation Example Since the panel comprises of 3 individuals, there are 3! potential stages of any advisory group. Along these lines, we have to isolate the quantity of stages by 6 to get the quantity of blends: At the point when a coin is hurled once, there are two results. It can turn up a head or a tail. At the point when 10 coins are hurled at the same time, the complete number of results = 210. In this occasion, on the off chance that the third coin were to turn up a head, at that point the quantity of opportunities for the third coin is just 1 as the result is fixed as head. Subsequently, the staying 9 coins can turn up either a head or a tail rises to 29. The primary envelope can be posted in any of the 3 letter boxes. Henceforth, there are 3 decisions for it. Also, every one of the other four envelopes can be posted in any of the 3 letter drops. Thusly, the all out number of ways these 5 envelopes can be posted in the 3 letter drops is 3*3*3*3*3 =

Awesome People of 2016

Awesome People of 2016 Planned Parenthood Youth Advocates Today at the  Planned Parenthood League of Massachusetts, I completed my final Youth Advocate training (a program that Id introduced here). The eight Youth Advocates and our two mentors gathered in the conference room for a final learning session and de-brief. Appropriately, a dull rain accompanied our final walk past the abortion protesters (this time with cheery umbrellas over their gruesome signs). It was impossible to process that this was it, maybe the last time I’m seeing these awesome people together. Sure, part of the group is reuniting next week for a Youth Lobby Day at the Massachusetts State House. Three of us will lead another external training with health providers at a non-Planned Parenthood health center. But the monthly/bi-monthly trainings with all eight of us are done. We learned a great deal about effective facilitation, the feedback sandwich, sexual and reproductive health, social justice, and youth competent care. We had discussions on identity, intersectionality, and the current state of health services for young people. We developed a Youth-Friendly Services Toolkit for health providers. Then, last month, we traveled to the Boston and Springfield Planned Parenthood health centers and facilitated workshops on providing culturally competent care for young people. Those were entirely awesome experiences. The health center staff and my fellow Youth Advocates were amazing to work with. And today the Youth Advocates got to share final thoughts and feelings. We went around the room, highlighting each person’s strength. Everyone had great things to say about everyone else. Really, we all loved being in that room, working towards the same goal. It was heart-warming and impressive. How often are ten people from vastly different backgrounds able to work so well together? We had Youth Advocates from ages 17 to 22, including two high school juniors, a HS senior, Wellesley freshman and sophomore, a UMass Boston sophomore, and a Harvard senior. What a cool mix! And now I have a bracelet with nine beads from each of the Youth Advocates and our two awesome-est menors. I don’t plan to take it off anytime soon. VagMo Cast and Directors Another awesome group of people is from IAP (January) and February of this year. Last semester, on a whim, I decided to audition for a play, something I hadn’t done in over ten years. It worked out well, because I did get two parts in said play, The Vagina Monologues. I got to introduce one of the monologues and play one of four transgender women in another. If you’ve heard of the play, it may have been in a positive light, praising it as a vehicle for women to talk about issues that are in most contexts taboo. The New York Times once hailed it as “probably the most important piece of political theater of the last decade. You may have also heard of The Vagina Monologues in a negative light, condemning the play’s lack of intersectionality and outdated references. I won’t defend or denounce the play, but talk rather of the MIT experience of The Vagina Monologues, which was super fabulous. As the title suggests, The Vagina Monologues is a collection of monologues and short group pieces about the feminine experience. Dealing with issues that are often considered taboo, the play is meant as a tool for female empowerment. Originally premiered in 1996, The Vagina Monologues  remains perhaps the most important play of its kind. It has both sparked controversy and facilitated great discussion. At MIT, the student group Stop Our Silence has produced The Vagina Monologues  (or VagMo for short, as we called it) for the past fifteen years. Students have written powerful additional monologues about their own experiences, whether with fan fiction, Catholic school, or sexual assault. Others have contributed to the production by making heart- and vagina- and vagina-in-heart-shaped chocolate pops. The proceeds from the event and the lollipops go every year to the local Cambridge Women’s Center. It’s a great cause, plus the production always seems super fun for the actresses, so I really wanted to join. Best decision of my winter! (see pictures of the lollipops and cast here). Because of its format, being an actress in VagMo was not particularly taxing. We didn’t have to attend full-cast rehearsals until the final week. We did, however, have actress bonding sessions. The cast and directors were a diverse group of amazing women, including undergraduates of all years and an MBA from Sloan, as well as an inspiring 60-something MIT Administrative Assistant who had auditioned for VagMo three years ago simply so she could say the word c*nt for the first time in her life. She has remained with the production, this year in the capacity of a director. We were all there for different reasons. Some wanted to be part of the VagMo community, others wanted address important issues, or speak out against the stigma, or reflect on personal experiences. But regardless of the differences, we were all passionate about the production and excited to work together. We laughed and cried and sang vagina songs and absolutely enjoyed ourselves. It was truly a wonderful group of women! And so I adored the VagMo experience. Can’t wait until the cast reunion and next IAP production. Harvard Teaching Assistants The final shout-out in this post goes to my awesome Harvard TAs. I’ve had other awesome professors, MIT TAs, and mentors as well, but blog posts have limited space, so more on them later. At the beginning of the semester, I encountered my former Harvard TA in one of my Harvard classes. I’ll call her R for the purposes of this post. R was a great inspiration for me in PHIL 179 Race and Social Justice, one of two classes that got me to declare a Philosophy major. She was always so nice and encouraging. And this semester, R was delighted to see me again and hear that I’d declared the new major. That very day, she suggested that we meet to discuss Philosophy prospects. R talked about some great classes I could take at Harvard and cool professors I could talk to at MIT. She told me all the awesome things I could do with a Philosophy major (which, apparently, is quite useful). We reminisced about the fun times in PHIL 179. Afterwards, I signed up for the class R suggested and enjoyed it immensely. And I gained much more confidence in my chosen field. What an awesome encounter! The course R recommended was PHIL 168 Kant’s Ethical Theory. Now, Kant himself was a pretty awesome person back in the eighteenth century, but this post is about philosophy TAs, not philosophers, so more on Kant later. Though, I guess I should mention that Kant’s work is quite technical and challenging conceptually. So, although the class was super awesome, it was also incredibly time-consuming. And eventually, it was the one class that had to go this semester. I always end up dropping something, despite my resolutions to stick with everything. PHIL 168 was a difficult loss, but this story is a positive spin on that. After submitting the Drop form, I emailed my TA, C, to let him know that I wasn’t quitting because of my dislike for the class or Kant himself, but rather because of time constraints. I had to spend double time prepping for the class because I was having trouble parsing through the technical language in the English translation, and had to read the texts in Russian as well. I thanked C for being awesome and promised to return to the class a different semester. The next day, C replied… in Russian! Using the polite form of the verbs, he said it was nice to meet me and that it was a pity I couldn’t continue. While C’s teaching was already pretty great, that email was a wonderful final surprise. The last shout-out of this post goes to him. Who has inspired you this year?

Creating Spaces for ELA Educators And Students Through Blogging And Podcasting

posted on May 2, 2019 Dr. Stephanie Hinton, founder of the Passing Notes podcast, and I finally met in person (I think we hadn’t met before?!) at EdCampOKC this year, and naturally we decided a podcast episode was in order. I mean, how can you not sit down and record the conversation when you have two passionate readers/writers/educators in the room, right? Just me waiting to record an episode of Passing Notes with Dr. Stephanie Hinton of OKCPS. We agreed to lead a session on podcasting at EdCampOKC and discovered several other educators who were interested in podcasting as both a means of creating a professional learning community, but also as a way to provide a platform for their students. What better way to help other teachers meet those needs than to record an episode talking about nurturing student voice in your classroom, encouraging students to connect to and create content, discovering best practices, and ways to be purposeful in our journeys as lifelong learners? You can listen to Passing Notes episode 40 here. Dr. Hinton has been an educator for 11 years and currently serves as an early childhood coordinator for Oklahoma City Public Schools. She created the Passing Notes podcast â€Å"to support, encourage, and inform educators with insight for experts giving practical advice that you can use in your classroom tomorrow.† Michelle WatersI am a secondary English Language Arts teacher, a University of Oklahoma student working on my Master’s of Education in Instructional Leadership and Academic Curriculum with an concentration in English Education, and a NBPTS candidate. I am constantly seeking ways to amplify my students’ voices and choices.

Website Security for E-Commerce Businesses Essay - 1658 Words

1. Before starting any E-commerce business the owner have to make sure that his/hers website has all kind of security systems which provide absolute safety for customers and the owner himself. Nowadays, online robberies have become the most common. Every single day, hackers attack thousands of web sites in the hope of a good profit. among the most important elements of the protection should be as following: †¢ Security Hosting supposed to include Bandwidth (to maintain E-commerce traffic), a large Disk Space (to be able to place more products and store business and customer’s information), Firewall (supposed to be strong in order to reject any external threats), 99, 9% of all security system updates (to be sure that your website is fully†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Company’s ethics – is probably the most important aspect in e-commerce. The owner of the e-business has to determine roles of each employee and decide who gets access to what. ________________________________________ 2. Business-to-Customers (B2C) – is a type of business when companies/ firms offer some particular products or services to their potential customer. This e-commerce business can be risky because unknown businesses committed fraud. They steel customer’s personal information and might use is in inappropriate way. Business-to-Business (B2B) – when companies deal with other firms and companies such as retailer stores of row material suppliers. Business-to-Government (B2G) is a type of business when a firm offers its products or services to another firm or company. For example a Security Software Company offers its products to the Government or any other large organizations. Customer-to-Business (C2B) is a type of business when a signal person offers his/her services or products to different companies. As an example, an independent accountant offers his services to a firm for performing audit of any other financial analysis. Customer-to-Customer (C2C) is a type of business when one individual sells or offers his/her services for exchange of money or any other products and services. For example, people sell their old stuff though the kijiji website; or even garage sale might be seen as aShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of E Commerce On Retail Industry1697 Words   |  7 Pagesimpact of E-Commerce on the ‘Retail Industry’ August 8 2016 The Findings and Analysis of customer information on an e-commerce platform. The Improved Marketing techniques of e-commerce. 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Film Review on Our Family Wedding - 777 Words

This Comedy tells the story of two families, one African American and the other Mexican-American, that are forced to combine when Lucia (Ferrera) and Marcus (Gross) announce their engagement. Lucia and Marcus have been secretly living together and having premarital sex unbenouced to Lucia’s family who are Mexican American. Lucia has dropped out of Columbia Law School and is planning to move away with Marcus to the country Lous so he can practice with Doctors without Borders once they are married . Lucia plans on introducing her fiance to her family and letting them in ontheir plans. It’s a bold move especially for Lucia not only because Marcus is from a different background but her family doesn’t know about him. The meeting between†¦show more content†¦The film lookes at the prejudices between the families but did not touch on how interacial couples also have deal with societies biases against them. 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Immigration Control And National Homeland Security

Since the terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001, immigration control and national homeland security have been issues of concern for both the national government and private citizens. In the wake of the attacks, a lot of articles were written about what the appropriate response should be to prevent another attack. In 2004, Mark Krikorian wrote an article for the Providence Journal entitled â€Å"Safety through Immigration Control† in which he contends that the only means to keep America safe from a follow-up attack is to strengthen and enforce immigration law to prevent terrorists from being able to enter the country. Edwidge Danticat, writing for The Nation in 2005, provides a juxtaposition to Krikorian’s stance in her essay â€Å"Not Your Homeland†, in which she describes her witnessing of the inhumane conditions many immigrants are forced to endure in the name of increased security to protect the country. 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A Popular American Topic On The 19th Century - 2982 Words

A popular American topic taking place in the nineteenth century has been seen as the story of the young nation and its settlement along with its expansion. This tale is often generates a bit of controversy because it was at the expense of the Native Americans lives that this young American nation was able to expand its wings, flourish its economy and set its self-up as the hegemon country in years that would follow. With the increase of population, people saw the need to expand their own personal territories and looked at the frontier as a potential home. Supported by the government, policies were put into place that would soon allocate land to those who were brave enough to settle past the frontier and into the west. While holding the notion of divine right, Americans resorted to encroachment into Native American territory which would bring about differences among both settlers. Elected president in 1828, Andrew Jackson would come into office with a plan to resolve the problem of tensions that continued among Native Americans and Euro-Americans. Beginning with the well-known word and notion of manifest destiny and moving on to the United States government policies, the American westward expansion brought much profit to the Euro-Americans but much suffering to the Native Americans. Government policies would soon be put forth and justify the oppression and disenfranchisement of the natives culture and territory. Alfred A. Cave takes a in depth look at the JacksonianShow MoreRelatedGertrude Stein : A Feminist Approach Of Seeming Weak And Unstable1635 Words   |  7 Pagesis going on with women during the 20th century. She wrote, â€Å"A brown which is not liquid not more so is relaxed and yet there is a change, a news is pressing† (Stein, 1914). I believe that she is talking about the changes that women are fighting for. 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The Open Method Of Coordination Education Essay Free Essays

string(68) " works in a different topographic point, and in a practical manner\." The Open Method of Coordination was introduced at the Lisbon European Council meeting in 2000, and is described as a new policy instrument composed of four nucleus constituents. First, moving in concert, both the Member States and European establishments set fixed guidelines for the EU. Second, there are quantitative and qualitative indexs and benchmarks. We will write a custom essay sample on The Open Method Of Coordination Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Third, guidelines are transferred into domestic policies and policy-objectives, and eventually, besides included in this new policy instrument are common larning procedures such as benchmarking, monitoring and peer reappraisal are present ( see Eberlein and Kerwer 2004:123 ) . The European Employment Strategy ( EES ) , frequently referred to by some faculty members as â€Å" the female parent of the OMC † ( Smismans 2004:2 ) , was established in 1997 merely three old ages before the OMC was born. The EES laid introduced employment issues as a corporate European job and from so on, it has become the basis for the EU function in the coordination of its Member States ‘ employment policies ( Watt 2004:118 ) . Harmonizing to a textual analysis of the EES, employment policy in the EU is a â€Å" mobilisation of human resources † ( Zangle 2004:11 ) and execution of active labor market policies ( ALMPs ) , alternatively of forestalling unemployment. One of the most important constituent and strengths of the OMC and the EES is the possibility it presents for histrions to reciprocally larn from each other ‘s policy ( Goetschy 2004:7 ) . Indeed, â€Å" societal acquisition is an knowing effort to modify the aims or methods of policy in reac tion to old experience and new information. We can believe of policymaking procedure as therefore consisting of three cardinal variables: the cardinal aims that usher policy in a given sphere, the methods or policy instruments used to accomplish those aims and the specific context of these instruments † . In the context of the OMC and EES, the construct of common acquisition consists of such instruments as benchmarking, periodic monitoring, peer reappraisal exercisings and rating. These constructs are introduced to promote the designation and transportation of the ‘best patterns ‘ which are so assumed to take to new policy thoughts, institutional agreements, policy execution and formation of corporate penchants. By take parting in this procedure, member provinces are expected to non merely better their national labor market policies but should besides endeavor to meet towards the employment policy recommendation recommended at the EU degree. Although, the OMC recognizes national diverseness through the development of common acquisition and multi-level administration, nevertheless, the foundation for achieving common convergence is besides present within common aims, benchmarking, and rating and within policy coordination itself. This is precisely what some faculty members have described as an built-in tenseness in the OMC ( see Goetschy 2004 ) . Specifically, there is a contradiction between the accent on the method as a tool giving Member States the freedom to develop at their â€Å" ain gait † , and the of import demand to voyage the procedure of policy alteration in the way of â€Å" convergence towards EU aims † ( Radaelli 2004:14 ) . It is exactly the deduction for the common acquisition procedures in footings of this contradiction that this paper concerns itself with. In the visible radiation of this contradiction, we will try to confirm the premise which reads: the statements between the claims of â €Å" diverseness † and â€Å" convergence † epitomized in the OMC and the EES nowadayss both opportunities and restrictions with respects to the procedure of common acquisition for the Member States. The theoretical deductions of the opportunities and restrictions of Mutual Learning With the debut of the OMC in to the EU, Mutual acquisition as a construct has attained wholly new intending. From this position it is non merely larning between national authoritiess that counts ( â€Å" horizontal acquisition † ) , but besides there is turning characteristics of perpendicular coordination at EU administration degree, and horizontal and perpendicular acquisition ‘from below ‘ ( â€Å" bottom-up † ) . When observed from the national degrees, the function of the policy larning procedures under the EES, opportunities and restrictions of their execution can be viewed from different theoretical point of views. One may get down at the macro-theoretical degree deducing and clarifying policy transportations. For illustration, new institutionalism argues that way dependences limit larning particularly in the visible radiation of the assortment of institutional models and public assistance governments in Europe ( Lodge 2003:18 ) . One may besides get down with the principal-agent and two-level game theories to analyze the complex interaction between member provinces, the civil society and the EU establishments. Buchs ( 2004 ) has applied this attack in his analysis concludes that the function of province in this great game is that of an intermediary between the EU degree and civil society and that larning procedures can be understood by detecting this interaction ( 2004:4 ) . The impression of patriotism can besides be used to assist depict the reluctance of certain member provinces to take part in the policy acquisition procedures and the transportation of policies. from this position â€Å" national pride, reluctance to reassign sovereignty, and the self-pride of the province are of import, histrions dickering both over benchmarking marks, public presentation measuring, and benchmarking consequences † ( Zangle,2004:10 ) . However, in this paper the opportunities and restrictions of the common acquisition procedures will be critically analysed within the horizon of the built-in tenseness between the ‘evidence-based policy doing ‘ and ‘constructive agnosticism ‘ attacks. There is no uncertainty that the vision articulated by the interior decorators of the OMC and the EES consist of both the practical, statistical, direct grounds to hasten learning procedures and their national results, qualitative and quantitative indexs to be used in benchmarking and grander end of accomplishing convergence. Conversely, regard for the national diversenesss, acknowledgment of diversenesss, state of affairss, demands and, the involvements of the Member States are besides incorporated in this new manner of administration. Both opportunities and restrictions are rooted in this twofold and sometimes even contradictory nonsubjective and procedure. ‘Evidence-based policy devising ‘ The ‘evidence-based policy doing ‘ attack is located within the rationalist school of idea which assumes that policy determinations are made between another class of action on the footing of what works in a different topographic point, and in a practical manner. You read "The Open Method Of Coordination Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" Hence, instead than anchoring policy determinations on political orientation, they are grounded on the empirical grounds collected elsewhere ( Sanderson 2002 ) . so â€Å" it seems to be rational common sense to see policy as a purposive class of action in chase of aims built upon careful appraisal of alternate ways of accomplishing such aims and effectual execution of the selected class of action † ( Sanderson, 2002:5 ) . Consequently, this point of position argues that there are two cardinal types of grounds that are required to better effectual authorities action. First and first, grounds is required which confirms the operational capacity of the different authorities bureaucratic machine in the policy are under optimum public presentation. Second, grounds is required which to advance betterment through more efficient methods and schemes. Whereas in the former grounds is fundamentally required in the signifier of information on different constituents and marks of public presentation ( Sanderson 2002:3 ) . In the later, there is a qualitative difference in that grounds is basically required in the signifier cognition about how good specific policies and patterns work elsewhere, and how the policy intercessions reform societal systems ( ibid. ) Opportunities The ‘evidence-oriented policy doing ‘ attack contends that there are four major ways grounds can edify the development and execution of policy. First, determinations about what policy actions to follow in a given policy field can be learned by grounds of the likely effectivity of that policy penchants. Second, grounds collected from antecedently implemented policies maps as a foundation for the prospective deliberations of policy penchants and possibilities. Third, grounds besides plays an of import function in placing non on the most of import jobs in that policy field but besides those jobs that should be accorded the highest precedence in policy intercession. And, eventually, improved cognition about policy jobs and possible policy penchants can assist to affect the concerned stakeholders in a healthy argument about how to put aims ( Sanderson 2002:4 ) . This attack therefore depends on the grounds ( normally quantitative ) that both in theory and pattern determines ef fectual policy penchants. This positivist attack submits that opportunism ( in this instance attributable to provinces as entities ) and rational behavior might supply solution to public policy jobs. As a consequence, this attack leads to the hypothesis that what works in one province should besides work in other, since there are monolithic statistical and scientific grounds in the field where policymakers can pull valuable lessons from ( Hill 2005:51 ) . The chief drift for looking at old enforced policies and institutional agreements and larning by supervising and rating is because larning is a agency to cut down mistakes ( Radaelli 2004:6 ) . Learning from the experience of others can be more efficient than larning from one ‘s ain experience, since it minimizes the hazard of failures. Therefore, histrions are able and willing to utilize larning within organisational webs under the OMC, as they believe in the possibility of happening a solution for their several jobs within this web, utilizing it as â€Å" radio detection and ranging † ( ibid.7 ) . In add-on, benchmarking entails the comparative measuring of public presentation of one organisation against other organisations, within a defined mark ( Heritier 2002:5 ) . From this position, it suggests comparing member provinces against each other within the employment guidelines and indexs. This procedure, so, can be said to be the learning procedure in pattern, since it entails looking for the ‘best patterns ‘ in order to extinguish the chance of public presentation spreads on eventual acceptance of the policy penchant. Benchmarking can be defined as a â€Å" practical tool for bettering public presentation by larning from best patterns and the procedures by which they are achieved † ( O’Reagain and Keegan in: Schludi 2003 ) . Furthermore, different strand of faculty members define a benchmark in a instead mechanical and rational manner, declaring it to be â€Å" a criterion or point of mention against which things may be compared or assessed † ( ibid 2003 ) . Hence, from this position, benchmarking denotes the comparative rating of public presentation and the obliteration of predominating public presentation spreads, based on qualitative standards. Restrictions Harmonizing to Graham ( 1999:5. ) , there are â€Å" seven Nemesiss † to ‘evidence-based policy ‘ viz. ; bureaucratic logic, the bottom line, consensus, political relations, civil service civilization, cynicism and clip. First, bureaucratic logic entails that misreading of the current state of affairs and gathered grounds is a impeding factor to any policy development. From this point of position, bureaucratic logic is phrased as â€Å" things are right because they have ever been done this manner † ( ibid. ) and there is no ground to alter it, even if the prevalent manner of policy-making is epistemologically flawed. â€Å" The bottom line † refers to the thought that the effectivity of policies can non be measured by quantitative and qualitative confirmations entirely because in pattern, policy is built on consensus instead than on beyond doubt grounds. Policy in pattern involves an extended procedure of audience carried out to find different involv ement and penchants of all concerned histrions, and the bounds of a solution that will fulfill every one of these histrions. A outstanding restraint in the designation of ‘best pattern ‘ is that it does non basically place the suited scheme by which it can be applied to different institutional scene. Even if granted that policy larning consequences to reform, the precise policy transportation might be unsuccessful. Indeed, Dolowitz and Marsh ( 2000 ) , claim that there are some noteworthy factors that cause policy transportation to diverge from the marks set by policy-makers doing the transportation. For illustration, the failure of the importing province to retroflex the transferred policy in conformity with the marks set by policy-makers of the exporting province can be as a consequence of uneducated transportation, particularly if there is non equal information about the policy and how it should operates in another institutional scene. Finally, Dolowitz and Marsh talk about unsuitable policy transportation if adequate attending is non paid to the different economic, societal, political and i nstitutional background in the importing member province. ‘Constructive agnosticism ‘ For the ‘constructivist agnosticism ‘ attack, given that cognition of the societal universe is non merely socially constructed and culturally every bit good as historically dependent ; cognition and acquisition, and their functions in policy-making are complex issues. Harmonizing to this point of position, policy acquisition and development is understood as a â€Å" procedure of deliberation which considers beliefs, rules and actions under conditions of multiple frames for the account and rating of the societal universe ( Dryzek,16 ) . The rating of the common acquisition procedures can non merely be reduced to a â€Å" proficient exercising † since like all the other facet of the policy-making ; it is conditioned by different penchants, norms, values, and alone institutional backgrounds. Consequently, the rating of any procedures or experience should be based on a communicative and argumentative procedure ( Sanderson 2003:338 ) . As Schwandt contends, there is a demand for â€Å" critical intelligence † which is fundamentally â€Å" the ability to inquiry whether the terminal is deserving accomplishing. It does non name for merely basic cognition of effects, but the willingness and capacity to debate the value of different terminals of a pattern † ( Schwandt in: Sanderson 2003:338 ) . Given that the fluctuations in national fortunes are high, it can be reasoned that non merely â€Å" what counts is what works † , but â€Å" what is appropriate † is besides of import for each spec ific national circumstance. In short, the consideration of the rightness of the agencies and terminals of a policy procedure is of extreme importance ( ibid: 332 ) . Opportunities Harmonizing to this position, dependance practical grounds to pull direct policy determination can non be absolute. â€Å" It is recognized that cognition comes in different signifiers † ( Campbell 2002:89 ) , and as such, it is non merely the experts who should play a function in decision-making but besides non experts, since no cognition is a waste. In short, when policy shapers are on the quest to larn lessons â€Å" their ain state ‘s yesteryear is the best topographic point to get down † ( Dolowitz and Marsh 1996:351 ) . By looking back into the historic yesteryear, †actors learn non merely what has worked, but can besides larn and cognize what non to reiterate † . Therefore, cross-national and bottom-up benchmarking has a inclination to uncover the flaws inherent in national policies, circumvent uneffective policies, avoid dearly-won policy bloopers, and challenge those patterns that have seized to be effectual, which in the terminal, increases the legitimacy of policy penchants and policy tools used. The increasing diffusion of thoughts and information is an obvious chance for national policy-makers. It does non needfully imply statistical and scientific confirmations for policy-making, but it can take to the imitation of utile thoughts and determinations at the national degree. It besides entails the airing of corporate linguistic communication, i.e. peculiar look which has specific intending both for the EU development in societal policy and its Member States likewise. Even though academic research on the common policy larning instruments gestate benchmarking, in a instead proficient manner, we argue in this paper that it besides has cognitive and normative values, which can be seen as a chances and possibilities provided by this sort of policy larning to fight for the convergence in end products. â€Å" Benchmarking may help in developing and justifying policy responses that are improbable to be discovered within a member province ‘s prevalent institutional scenes. As a consequence, it may work as an instrument to loosen up the frequently strong way dependence of predominating public assistance province constructions † ( Heinze et al. in: Schludi 2003:13 ) . Given the high extent of national public assistance traditions diversenesss, benchmarking in societal policy at the EU degree should be able to acknowledge these diversenesss and admit its auxiliary value, i.e. it provides the footing for the exchange of ‘best patterns ‘ and experience without the demand to enforce a top-down solution. Restrictions The danger and restriction to the acquisition might besides come from a state of affairs, when engagement is neglected and the nucleus of the OMC is formed merely by politicians and experts, therefore, alternatively of ‘opening-up ‘ the procedure, it becomes even more technocratic. â€Å" Negative lesson-drawing † is besides of extreme importance. If common acquisition between member provinces becomes excessively concerted to the extent that sufficient attending is no longer paid to negative lessons or policy failures, it may be wise to pretermit of import alternate solutions and take a more independent critical expression at benchmarking. Put otherwise, larning is abetted by mistake inasmuch as by success ( Radaelli 2004:26 ) . Therefore, the challenge is to happen a right balance between the co-op and competitory acquisition ( ibid. ) , and by so making, authoritiess may utilize their ‘critical intelligence ‘ and withdraw from policy reforms because o f what they have learnt ( Schludi 2003:14 ) . The EES and common acquisition Having provided an extended analysis of the theoretical deductions of common acquisition, the paper will now turn to the European Employment Strategy to analyze how the tenseness between the claims of ‘divergence ‘ and ‘convergence ‘ are treated in the OMC and how it influences the Member States cooperation in the EES model. The chief intent of the EES was to set up a legal footing of Community-level action in the employment policy country ( while taking national diverseness in this policy country into history ) , with the specific aim to increase the efficiency of the European Social Model through occupation creative activity and high employment rate. Besides, the EES was built in such a manner that it should work as a accelerator of the best performing national employment policies. 4.1 Contradiction between ‘divergence ‘ and ‘convergence ‘ – impact on Member States With respects to the European Council ‘s decisions the co-ordinated employment policy was built on the following. To get down with, the Commission introduces general designs of the finest employment scheme for Member States to follow. Then, after a deliberation with administrative officials from the Member States employment guidelines are established. Additionally, quantitative and quantitative indexs are established to be used in benchmarking. The guidelines in concurrence with the established indexs are what organize the footing of national action programs ( NAPs ) ( Trubek and Mosher 2002 ) , which are so formulated by single Member States. Each Member State has to supply a elaborate history of how it plans to implement the guidelines. Furthermore, the results of the prevalent national employment policy and ‘best patterns ‘ that might function as possible theoretical accounts for other Member States are included ( Zandstra 2004:10 ) . Once the NAPs have been subm itted, the committee so prepares so called Employment Package which contains the analysis of the NAPs, specific and general Council recommendations to single member provinces. It is the Council who has the concluding say on the concluding version of the Employment Package ( ibid. ) . Through the usage of equal reappraisal and exchange of good patterns, every member province is straight challenged with the programs and patterns of other member provinces. This so helps to secure the criterions by which to mensurate its ain public presentation ( Trubek and Mosher 2003:77 ) , at the same clip, it besides exerts force per unit area on each member province to endeavor for better results. But the principle behind the recommendations issued by the Council and their aim are progressively being greeted with double feelings from Member States. Groenendijk ( 2004 ) contends that the principle behind the recommendations is nil more than â€Å" appellative and dishonoring † , and that the OMC as a soft power policy-making instrument is at times referred to as a â€Å" ordinance by embarrassment † . Nevertheless, through the recommendations the Member States are besides informed about the built-in defects of their employment policies, and they are in a alone state of affairs to larn new ways of making things or copy new thoughts harmonizing to what they have been recommended. The pick of action still lies with Member States ; nevertheless, the shadow of force per unit area goes on. In the visible radiation of the foregoing, one of the most hard undertakings facing the EES is to happen the relative balance between the force per unit area to exercise on Member States to accomplish the formulated guidelines and still to esteem their diverse national policy agreements ( de la Porte 2002:41 ) . The indexs and guidelines are established in such a manner that a periodic comparative rating of member provinces against each other is carried out. The benchmarking procedure so is grounded on the chosen indexs. â€Å" In the model of OMC, it is the agencies to measure the success of the application of the method, and to set force per unit area on take parting Member State to meet towards jointly defined aims † ( ibid.42 ) . Therefore, the defined standards with respects to different policy constituents, ends and impacts, can be prompted both from the top-down and from the bottom-up attack. Anyways, there is a significant force per unit area for each Member State to a chieve these benchmarks. Many surveies conducted in this country have identified a figure of jobs with respects to the execution of the EES ( see Goetschy 2002 ; Watt 2004 ) . Among other grounds, the expected impacts of common acquisition might non be attained if a figure of stakeholders who are supposed to take part are non take parting. Furthermore, the extended comparative rating of the Member States ‘ public presentation originates from the top-down attack, since they are carried out by the European committee and the Council. Yet, it has been argued that the provinces will conform merely to those corporate ends and recommendations that are of national importance, irrespective of the sum of force per unit area ( de la Porte 2002:43 ) . It is dubious whether there will be common acquisition except the mechanisms integrated in the scheme are implemented and implemented in an effectual manner. Reasoning comments This paper adopted two theoretical attacks viz. , ‘evidence-based policy doing ‘ and ‘constructive agnosticism ‘ so as to expose the theoretical deductions sing the chances and restrictions that confronts the EU Member States take parting in the common acquisition. With respects to the execution of the EES, serious attending is paid both to qualitative and quantitative dimensions of common acquisition. This is exemplified in the statements of both the ‘evidence-based policy doing ‘ and its ‘constructive agnosticism ‘ opposite number. From this position, it is the analysis of these theoretical positions that help the geographic expedition of the â€Å" tenseness † portion of the EES and its impact on the policy acquisition processes. Indeed, the necessity to obtain proficient cognition about best patterns elsewhere has to be combined with the application of a â€Å" critical cognition † , rating of the rightness, and readin g of the qualitative and quantitative confirmations that relates to the specific national institutional contexts. In add-on, this procedure, as visualised in the design of this policy attack, should be both ‘top-down ‘ and ‘bottom-up ‘ . This so put the capacity of different histrions to prosecute in the acquisition processes into serious uncertainties. The deduction is that member provinces, while voluntarily take parting in common acquisition, are supposed to be on changeless hunt for the ‘best patterns ‘ , to copy or emulate these best patterns in order to better their ain national employment policies. However, there is an component of force per unit area nowadays in the signifier of informal countenances and the equal force per unit area with the purpose to endeavor for the convergence towards the EU ends in this policy country. Therefore, the force per unit area, different agreements of common acquisition, and rational, normative or practical elements they involve, can supply both chances and restrictions for Member States, since their national institutional context, degrees of development, and structural aspects are clearly different. This would besides propose that what is seen as a restriction for one Member State, might be a opportunity for another. How to cite The Open Method Of Coordination Education Essay, Essay examples

National Survey and Secondary Data Analysis †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the National Survey and Secondary Data Analysis. Answer: Introduction: The current assignment deals with post-operative nursing care practices. Here, the patient Kathleen Johnson is a 45 years old lady who had been admitted to the hospital for sleeve gastrectomy surgery. Kathleen has morbid obesity with a BMI index of 40kg/m2 along with type 2 diabetes. She is also the sole carer of her father who has been suffering from dementia and suffers from low self esteem due to her negative body image. Kathleen has been dependent upon addictives such as alcohol, cigarettes and coffee for dealing with the stress in her life. Therefore, after the gastrectomy surgery the patient has been transferred to the general ward where a nursing professional has been employed for looking after her care concerns. The patient here is a 45 years old lady suffering from type 2 diabetes and is morbidly obese. Therefore, she had been suggested sleeve gastrectomy surgery by the doctor. However, it is necessary to understand the aetiology and the pathophsyiology of the condition of the patient. The aetiology and pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and obesity has been linked over here. It helps in understanding the effect of obesity on the overall health and well being in people. Obesity is a hetergenous group of conditions with multiple causes each of which is expressed as an obese phenotype (Berman et al., 2014). As commented by Bryant Knights (2014), the influence of genotype on the aetiology of obesity is either attenuated or exacerbated by non-genetic factors. There are a number of aetiological determinants of obesity which are endocrine and hypothalamic disorders, heritability, eating and energy storing patterns. Additionally, obesity has been strongly related to the development of type 2 diab etes. The BMI is strongly related to diabetes and insulin resistance as in obese individuals the amount of non-esterified fatty acids, glycerol, hormones, cytokines, pro-inflammatory markers are increased. Serum free fatty acids (FFA) are frequently high in obese individuals which are the one of the major contributors to peripheral insulin resistance. Elevated levels of FFA in the blood have been seen to promote gluconeogenesis inducing hepatic and muscle insulin resistance. FFAS also enhances the accumulation of triglycerides in liver and skeletal muscle, which could be correlated with insulin resistance (Hoogervorst-Schilp et al., 2016). BMI equal to or greater than 40 kg/m2 has been categorised under class III obesity which increases the risk for illness and death manifold times (Broyles, Smith, Coon Bonawitz, 2016). The obese condition of Kathleen could be attributed to her lifestyle and eating habits. In order to cope up with her life stress Kathleen had been overtly dependent upon alcohol, smoking. Kathleen has been drinking upto four bottles of beer on a single night. Therefore, excessive alcohol uptake results in increased amount of calories. Therefore excess amount of stored energy whereas less expenditure can result in increased body weight. As commented by Bullock Hales (2012), the psychosocial factors have also been seen to trigger binge drinking in people. Thus, binge drinking with long intermittent gaps have been seen to enhance weight gain by disturbing the facultative thermogenesis cycle. Underlying pathophysiology of the patients post-operative deterioration The patient had been suggested a sleeve gastrectomy surgery in order to facilitate weight loss. In the following procedure most of the stomach is removed except a small sleeve shaped pouch. It restricts the amount of food which could be consumed by the patient improving metabolic s syndrome. It acts by changing hormonal signal between stomach, liver and brain by establishing lower set points. As supported by Broyles, Smith, Coon Bonawitz (2016), undertaking sleeve gastrectomy surgery helped in controlling type 2 diabetes in 58% of the cases. However, there are a number of complications associated with the conduct of sleeve gastrectomy surgery in patients. Some of the most common side effects which could be noted after the conduct of the sleeve gastrectomy surgery are feelings of nausea and vomiting. Some more serious complications can be seen in the patient are blood clots in the lungs (pulmonary embolism) or legs (deep vein thrombosis) (Chou et al., 2016). Some other symptoms which could be seen over here are chest pain, shortness of breath. The leaking and bleeding around the stomach have been seen to cause abdominal pain and fever. In this respect, a number of post-operative complications were noticed in the patient such as shortness of breath or panting, high blood pressure, whereas the urine output has been recorded to be around 5 ml which is very less. The shortness of breath could be due to clotting of blood in the lungs during the surgery. Therefore, a post-operative follows up needs to be conducted on the patient. One of the most serious which needs to be addressed in the patient immediately is less urine output. It could be attributed to acute kidney injury (AKI) which may develop as a complication within the patient in post-aneasthasia care unit (PACU). It is important to recognise AKI in the early developmental stages as it could further progress into chronic kidney disease (Hamlin, Davies, Richardson-Tench Sutherland-Fraser, 2016). Additionally, use of antiarrythmic drug during surgery can also effect the normal urine output in the patient considerably. As commented by Forrester Griffiths (2014), ad equate resuscitation needs to implemented before application of the diagnostic criteria for decreased urine output. Appropriate nursing management of the patient Post-operative care process is crucial for the management of patients with gastric surgeries. Patients with a number of co-morbid conditions need to be kept inside the intensive care unit for few days before shifting to the general ward. Kathleen had type 2 diabetes, which required that a number of clinical assessments be completed before shifting her to the general ward. An A-E assessment needs to be conducted in order to analyse the overall condition of the patient. In this context, Kathleen was suffering from shortness of breath. Hence, the nursing professional needs to employ a proper airway management for looking after the respiratory complications developed in the patient. As commented by martin and Bartholomew (2018), residual anaesthesia have been seen to develop respiratory depression in the patient. Under such conditions, the nurse needs to make adjustments in endotracheal intubation. The patients could be placed in a reverse trendelenburg position which limits the push of abdominal contents over the diaphragm, facilitating the rate of respiration (Hamlin, Davies, Richardson-Tench Sutherland-Fraser, 2016). The expertise of aneasthelogist is required for the management of patients who are difficult to intubate. In order to improve tidal volume the head of the bed needs to be elevated from an angle of 30 to 45 degrees. Some of the additional steps which could be taken by the nursing professional over here are using intensify scale to access the pain in the patient. In this respect, the nurse should record pain as the 5th vital sign. The bleeding patterns of the patients needs to be monitored. The nurse should observe the puncture sites or the sites of insertion of the catherer tube closely as entry of any form of pathogen though those sites can result in the occurrence of central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABI) (Forrester Griffiths, 2014). Justification for involvement of three members of the interdisciplinary healthcare team The support care and participation of the interdisciplinary healthcare team can enhance the quality of the healthcare services. In this respect, part from the primary medical and nursing team three other allied healthcare professional could be involved who are dietician, critical care pharmacist, and respiratory therapist. Since Kathleen had undergone sleeve gastrectomy surgery therefore she needs to be particularly careful about her diet. Therefore, the involvement of a dietician can help in guiding the patient regarding the right food which needs to be taken after the pot-operative surgery. As mentioned by Craft, Hudson, Plenderleith Gordon (2017), the involvement of a dietician can help in providing effective diabetes management education to the patient. The involvement of clinical care pharmacist in disease state management has been found to be fruitful as they can keep a tab on the prescribed medication pattern of the patients. The interdisciplinary team can work closely with the doctors for effectively monitoring the changes in doses and their effects over the body of the patient in the long term (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, 2013). The involvement of the respiratory therapists is crucial during the post-operative as they can help in restoring the normal breathing patterns of the patient. As mentioned by Gan et al. (2014), the involvement of the interdisciplinary care team can make the process of post operative support care easy and much more effective. However as argued by Bullock Hales (20121), the involvement of a number of medical channels can make the healthcare setting more slow and complicated. Therefore, an effective collaboration is needed between the different healthcare channels. Additionally, implementation of effective peri-operative nursing standards can help in improving the quality of care in an intensive care unit. Conclusion The current assignment focuses upon the nursing care and management strategies for patients who just had an immediate surgery. In this respect, the patient Kathleen is a 45 year old lady who had undergone a sleeve gastrectomy surgery due to morbid obesity. The patient depicted a number of complications immediately after the surgery such as the shortness of breath, high blood pressure and low urine output. Some of the most serious concerns surrounding the patient were low urine output along with shortness of breath. The low urine production could be due to acute kidney injury. Therefore, an effective postoperative follow up needs to be conducted which could help in accessing and monitoring the current health condition of the patient. Additionally, support from a number of health care channels along with interdisciplinary healthcare teams can help in improving the overall health condition of the patient. References Berman, A., Snyder, S. J., Kozier, B., Erb, G. L., Levett-Jones, T., Dwyer, T., ... Parker, B. (2014).Kozier Erb's Fundamentals of Nursing Australian Edition(Vol. 3). London: Pearson Higher Education AU. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=wMWaBQAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PP1dq=Kozier+%26+Erb%E2%80%99s+fundamentals+of+nursing+(3rd+ed.).+Australia:+Pearson.+ots=FEk6kCa1nnsig=OOOkHrwLlTkR_hoCq565ovg88c8#v=onepageq=Kozier%20%26%20Erb%E2%80%99s%20fundamentals%20of%20nursing%20(3rd%20ed.).%20Australia%3A%20Pearson.f=false Broyles, J. M., Smith, M., Coon, D., Bonawitz, S. C. (2016). Assessment of nursing deficiencies in the postoperative care of microsurgical patients.Journal of reconstructive microsurgery,32(08), 615-624. DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1584528 Bryant, B., Knights, K. (2014).Pharmacology for Health Professionals ebook. Amsterdam: Elsevier Health Sciences, 25-45. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=8b6PZgWIhYgCdq=Bryant,+B.,+%26+Knights,+K.+(2014).+Pharmacology+for+Health+Professionals+ebook.+Elsevier+Health+Scienceshl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwisi9H2u4zaAhWBtI8KHWxsBIgQ6AEIJjAA Bullock, S., Hales, M. (2012).Principles of Pathophysiology. London:Pearson Higher Education AU, 85-101. Retrieved from:https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=N3_dBAAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PP1dq=Bullock,+S.,+%26+Hales,+M.+(2012).+Principles+of+Pathophysiology.+Pearson+Higher+Education+AUots=Sier9_EJzHsig=yCQl39Wn2BK4sv55TQ9Tzq-YDvg#v=onepageqf=false Chou, R., Gordon, D. B., de Leon-Casasola, O. A., Rosenberg, J. M., Bickler, S., Brennan, T., ... Griffith, S. (2016). Management of Postoperative Pain: a clinical practice guideline from the American pain society, the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists' committee on regional anesthesia, executive committee, and administrative council.The Journal of Pain,17(2), 131-157. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2015.10.023 Cole, C., Hill, O., Saunders, R. (2012).Pocket Companion Jarvis's Physical Examination and Health Assessment. Amsterdam: Elsevier Health Sciences, 202-313. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=g1zsgqBapekCoi=fndpg=PT8dq=rvis,+C.,+Forbes,+H.,+Watt,+E.,+(2012).+Jarvis%E2%80%99s+physical+examination+%26+health+assessment++(Australian+and+New+Zealand+ed.).St.+Louis,+Missouri:+Elsevier+Saundersots=3HXi-Ghv90sig=Hn2-S7UKGCemJ6tU97ZqHznMPf4#v=onepageqf=false Craft, J. A., Hudson, P. B., Plenderleith, M. B., Gordon, C. J. (2017). Enrolled nurses entering undergraduate studies at second year to become registered nursesA mixed methods study on commencing perceptions of bioscience.Collegian,24(4), 317-324.DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2016.05.002 Forrester, K., Griffiths, D. (2014).Essentials of Law for Health Professionals-eBook. Amsterdam: Elsevier Health Sciences, 85-92. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=VlqmBgAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PP1dq=Forrester,+K.,+%26+Griffiths,+D.+(2015).+Essentials+of+law+for+health+professionals+(4th+ed.).+Sydney:+Elsevierots=ajESp-PfRhsig=74kPKhCSQLNBgQb6T95QZiY6XJ0#v=onepageqf=false Gan, T. J., Diemunsch, P., Habib, A. S., Kovac, A., Kranke, P., Meyer, T. A., ... Bergese, S. D. (2014). Consensus guidelines for the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting.Anesthesia Analgesia,118(1), 85-113. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000002 Hamlin, L., Davies, M., Richardson-Tench, M., Sutherland-Fraser, S. (2016).Perioperative Nursing-EBook-epub: An Introduction. Amsterdam: Elsevier Health Sciences. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=_cr1CwAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PP1dq=Hamlin,+L.,+Davies,+M.,+Richardson-Tench,+M.,+%26+Sutherland-Fraser,+S.+().+Perioperative+nursing%3B+An+introduction+(2nd+ed.).+Australia:+Elsevierots=Ebt8oXl2J5sig=YEiMPAYwy4z5ddHR0JaBsZYcGd8#v=onepageq=Hamlin%2C%20L.%2C%20Davies%2C%20M.%2C%20Richardson-Tench%2C%20M.%2C%20%26%20Sutherland-Fraser%2C%20S.%20().%20Perioperative%20nursing%3B%20An%20introduction%20(2nd%20ed.).%20Australia%3A%20Elsevierf=false Hoogervorst-Schilp, J., Van Boekel, R. L. M., De Blok, C., Steegers, M. A. H., Spreeuwenberg, P., Wagner, C. (2016). Postoperative pain assessment in hospitalised patients: National survey and secondary data analysis.International journal of nursing studies,63, 124-131. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.09.001 Levett-Jones, T. (Ed.). (2013).Clinical reasoning: Learning to think like a nurse. Pearson Australia, 165-212. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=rwc0MwEACAAJdq=Levett-Jones,+T.+(Ed.).+(2013).+Clinical+reasoning:+Learning+to+think+like+a+nurse.+Pearson+Australia+ebook.+Elsevier+Health+Scienceshl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwjs_8acvIzaAhUKvI8KHZ3UC2AQ6AEIJjAA martin, F. and Bartholomew, E. (2018). anatomy and physiology I. [online] Available at: https://learning.hccs.edu/faculty/auguste.nioupin/biol2401/Spring%2015_2401%20syllabus_-CRN_41813 [Accessed 27 Mar. 2018]. Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (2013). Professional codes and guidelines. Retrieved from :https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/CodesGuidelines.aspx